Physical culture, sports, and health are in close interrelation. The influence of environmental factors, the rhythm of modern life, and the constant presence of aggressive microorganisms in the environment weaken people's health. That is why it is so important to strengthen the body's defenses with all available means - balanced nutrition, timely treatment of various ailments, preventive measures aimed at enhancing immunity, and also through physical activity.
In the conditions of development of technical progress with the advent of computers, smartphones and other "devices" that facilitate the work and daily life of a person, the physical activity of people has dramatically decreased compared to even the next decade.
This leads to a gradual decrease in the functional abilities of a person, weakening of his musculoskeletal system, changes in the work of internal organs - changes, unfortunately, for the worse. Lack of movement and energy costs leads to malfunctions in all systems (muscular, vascular, cardiac, and respiratory) and the body as a whole, contributing to the emergence of various diseases.
That is why the influence of sport on human health is so important. Physical culture and sports sometimes become the only forms of motor activity accessible to man, with the help of which the natural need for movement and stresses is satisfied.
About how sports affects human health, says and written many articles, scientific research, even dissertations. We will try to arrange all this information in a short and accessible form. So, the sport is good for health for the following reasons:
· The musculoskeletal system is strengthened: the volume and strength of muscles increase, the bones of the skeleton become more resistant to stresses. In the process of training in the gym or during the running, swimming, cycling, oxygen supply of muscles improves, blood capillaries are activated, which are not involved at rest - more, new blood vessels are formed. Under the influence of regular training, the chemical composition of muscle tissues changes: they increase the content of energy substances, which leads to intensive metabolic processes, the synthesis of proteins and the formation of new cells. Systematic training in physical culture prevents the development of such diseases of the organs of support and movement, like osteochondrosis, herniated discs, arthrosis, atherosclerosis, and osteoporosis.
· The nervous system is strengthened and developed. This is due to increased dexterity, speed and better coordination of movements. Sports activities contribute to the constant formation of new conditioned reflexes, which are fixed and folded into consecutive rows. The body acquires the ability to adapt to more complex stresses and perform exercises in a more efficient and economical way to achieve the desired results. The speed of the nervous processes increases: the brain learns to respond more quickly to stimuli and make the right decisions.
· Improves the work of the cardiovascular system. The effect of sport on the human body is expressed in increasing the endurance of the heart and blood vessels. Training makes all organs work in an intensive mode. Muscles under stress require an increased blood supply, which causes the heart to pump more volume of oxygenated blood per unit time. At rest, the heart pushes about 5 liters of blood into the aorta in one minute: during training, this amount increases to 10 and 20 liters. The heart and blood vessels of a sports person quickly get used to the stresses and recover as quickly after them.
· Improves the work of the respiratory system. With physical exertion, due to the increased need for tissues and organs in oxygen, breathing becomes deeper and more intense. The amount of air passing through the respiratory system per minute increases from 8 liters at rest to 100 liters when running, swimming or exercising in the gym. Increases the vital capacity of the lungs.
· Increases immunity and blood composition improve. In regularly trained people, the number of red blood cells increases from 5 million in one cubic millimeter to 6 million. The level of lymphocytes (white blood cells) is also increasing, the task of which is to neutralize the harmful factors entering the body. This is a direct proof that sports strengthen defenses - the ability to withstand adverse environmental conditions. Physically active people get sick less often, and if they are exposed to the aggression of bacteria or viruses, they cope with it much faster.
· Improves metabolism. The trained organism better regulates the content of sugar and other substances in the blood.
The attitude to life changes physically active people is more cheerful, less subject to sharp changes in mood, irritability, depression, and neuroses.
Medical statistics show how sports and children's health are linked. According to doctors, 70% of often ill children and adolescents do not go in for sports and often miss physical education classes. Mental stress in school, sitting at the computer or TV in front of the house, leads to the fact that the body does not get a physical discharge.
This contributes to functional impairment and turns schoolchildren or students into "young old men" who are susceptible to a variety of diseases that were previously more often diagnosed in older people (pathologies of the osseous system, vascular and heart diseases).
The influence of physical education and sports on the body of schoolchildren and students is invaluable - it is young and growing people who need constant loads and movement. The sedentary lifestyle of modern children causes extreme concern among doctors and educators.
Medical research, practical observations, facts and even oral folk art testify to the beneficial effect of physical activity on a person: numerous proverbs about health and sport ("Who is engaged in sports, the forces are recruited", "Strong in the body is rich and deed", etc).
Modern medicine and pedagogy are trying to popularize sports and instill in the mass consciousness a positive attitude to physical education. In schools and higher educational institutions, health and sports days are held, and schoolchildren receive free season tickets for swimming pools and training halls. However, the percentage of those who ignore the importance of physical activity for health is still great.
To play sports should be, observing a reasonable approach and moderation: overload during training is unacceptable. There is also the danger of traumatic injuries, so do not forget about safety measures.
